Protein synthesizers are laboratory instruments that chemically synthesize peptides and proteins from smaller building blocks called amino acids. They use a process called solid-phase peptide synthesis and feature automated reaction vessels, temperature and pH control, and a robotic arm. They are controlled by computer software that allows for setting up and monitoring the synthesis reactions and collecting and analyzing data. Protein synthesizers are essential tools for research and biotechnology and are used in a variety of applications, including drug development and medical research.