Flame Ionization Detector

A Flame Ionization Detector (FID) is a highly sensitive device used in gas chromatography to detect and quantify organic compounds. It burns the effluent from the gas chromatograph in a hydrogen-air flame. The combustion of organic compounds produces ions, which generate a current measured by the detector. The FID is known for its excellent sensitivity, with detection limits typically of 1-10 picograms of carbon per second and a linear dynamic range of up to 10^7. 

The detector's response is proportional to the number of carbon atoms in the sample, making it particularly effective for hydrocarbons. It features a high signal-to-noise ratio, enabling the detection of trace levels of organic compounds. The FID is also characterized by its robustness and reliability, with minimal maintenance requirements. Its rapid response time, usually in the range of milliseconds, ensures accurate and timely analysis. The FID is widely used in environmental monitoring, petrochemical analysis, and food safety testing due to its high sensitivity and broad applicability.