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GC Detectors

Gas chromatography (GC) detectors are critical components of a gas chromatograph, responsible for identifying and quantifying the compounds eluted from the chromatographic column. Each detector type is designed to respond to specific classes of compounds with varying sensitivity and selectivity.

Flame Ionization Detector (FID):

Sensitivity: Down to 1-10 picograms of carbon per second.
Linear dynamic range: Up to 10^7.
Use: Highly effective for detecting hydrocarbons and organic compounds.

Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD):

Sensitivity: Typically around 400 picograms per milliliter.
Linear dynamic range: Up to 10^5.
Use: Universal detector, useful for permanent gases and inorganic compounds.

Electron Capture Detector (ECD):

Sensitivity: Parts per trillion (ppt) for halogenated compounds.
Linear dynamic range: Up to 10^4.
Use: Highly sensitive to electronegative compounds like halogens, nitrates, and peroxides.

Mass Spectrometry Detector (MSD):

Sensitivity: Down to femtogram (fg) levels for certain compounds.
Linear dynamic range: Up to 10^6.
Use: Provides structural information and quantification, useful for a broad range of compounds.

Photoionization Detector (PID):

Sensitivity: Down to parts per billion (ppb) for volatile organic compounds.
Linear dynamic range: Up to 10^6.
Use: Detects aromatic hydrocarbons, organosulfur, and organophosphorus compounds.

Flame Photometric Detector (FPD):

Sensitivity: Around picogram levels for sulfur and phosphorus compounds.
Linear dynamic range: Up to 10^3.
Use: Specific for sulfur- and phosphorus-containing compounds.

Each type of detector offers unique advantages and is selected based on the specific requirements of the analytical application, such as sensitivity, selectivity, and the nature of the target analytes.

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GC Detectors

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